https://doi.org/10.1140/epjqt/s40507-025-00431-5
Research
Fault-tolerant and secure long-distance quantum communication via uncorrectable-error-injection
1
Quantum Network Research Center, Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information, 34141, Daejeon, Republic of Korea
2
Research Institute of Mathematics, Seoul National University, 08826, Seoul, Republic of Korea
3
School of Computational Sciences, Korea Institute for Advanced Study, 02455, Seoul, Republic of Korea
Received:
19
April
2025
Accepted:
13
October
2025
Published online:
11
November
2025
Quantum networks aim to facilitate the fault-tolerant and secure transmission of quantum states across distant devices. The widely adopted quantum teleportation scheme requires multiple rounds of entanglement swapping and purification, leading to significant resource overhead and operational complexity. In this study, we propose a novel fault-tolerant and secure quantum communication scheme based on uncorrectable error injection. Our method exploits a quantum state encoding scheme based on quantum error correction codes, which strategically introduces uncorrectable errors to enhance security. It eliminates the need for entanglement distribution while reducing resource requirements. The injected errors protect against eavesdropping by preventing unauthorized parties from retrieving meaningful information. Security analysis shows that as the data length and encoded message size increase, information leakage becomes negligible relative to the size of the total message. Comparative performance analysis with existing approaches indicates that our method reduces transmission overhead while maintaining comparable fidelity in low-error regimes. These findings suggest that the proposed method offers a scalable and practical alternative for secure long-distance quantum communication, distributed quantum computing, and future quantum internet applications.
Key words: Fault-tolerant quantum communication / Secure quantum communication / Quantum error correction code / Uncorrectable error injection
© The Author(s) 2025
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