https://doi.org/10.1140/epjqt/s40507-024-00263-9
Research
Nonclassical light in a three-waveguide coupler with second-order nonlinearity
1
Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), 40450, Shah Alam, Selangor, Malaysia
2
Faculty of Applied Sciences, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM) Perak, Tapah Campus, Perak, Malaysia
3
International Research Center for Advanced Photonics, Zhejiang University, Building 1A, 718 East Haizhou Rd., 314400, Haining, Zhejiang, P.R. China
4
Department of Applied Physics and Astronomy, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
5
College of Arts and Sciences, Abu Dhabi University, 59911, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
b abdelbaset@uitm.edu.my, abdelbaset.ibrahim@gmail.com
Received:
27
April
2023
Accepted:
5
August
2024
Published online:
14
August
2024
Possible squeezed states generated in a three-waveguide nonlinear coupler operating with second harmonic generation is discussed. This study is carried out using two well-known techniques; the phase space method (based on positive-P representation) and the Heisenberg-based analytical perturbative (AP) method. The effects of key design parameters were investigated under various conditions, including full frequency matching, symmetrical and asymmetrical waveguide initialization, and both codirectional and contr-adirectional propagation. The system consistently produced long-lasting oscillatory squeezed states across all three waveguides, even when only one waveguide was pumped with coherent light while the others were in a vacuum state. Also, the performance and capacities of both methods are critically evaluated. For low levels of key design parameters and in the early stages of evolution, a high level of agreement between the two methods is noticed. In the new era of quantum-based technology, the proposed system opens a new avenue for utilising nonlinear couplers in nonclassical light generation.
Key words: Quantum Optics / Second-Harmonic Generation / Nonlinear Coupler / Squeezed states
© The Author(s) 2024
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